台灣建州運動反對國共的台海「兩岸服貿協議」,支持佔領立法院的台灣學生的訴求與行動(上)
一
台北時間3/18/2014晚間九點,台灣的熱血青年學生因抗議國民黨團將「兩岸服貿協議」送立法院院會存查,「以反黑箱服貿為訴求,透過夜襲,揭開台灣史上首次『人民占領立院行動』的群眾抗爭,不僅震撼首都,也延燒全台,這場學生誓言要死守63小時的議場攻防戰,已引發國際媒體關注」。
根據台灣媒體的報導: 「警方於台北時間3/19/2014清晨3點開始,陸續展開約5波以上的攻堅行動,現場爆發激烈拉扯、推擠衝突,學生不斷高喊『退回服貿、捍衛民主』口號,並堆疊椅子堵住出入口,場面火爆,警方攻堅都無功而返」。組織或參加抗議的學生點名馬英九總統,回應「退回服貿」的訴求,並嘲諷這是一場「9趴總統和其他91趴人民的對立行動」。
在學生與台聯黨採取行動後,民進黨決定跟進,台灣的媒體報導說: 為抗議國民黨就兩岸服貿協議違背立院朝野協商要逐條逐項審查的承諾,黨主席蘇貞昌下達緊急動員令,黨公職自3/19/2014中午起將陸續赴立法院抗議,民進黨臨時動員北北基桃縣市的黨公職及縣市議員參選人赴立院場外聲援進議場內抗議的學生。民進黨也將於3/21/2014動員群眾,前往立法院,在場外聲援佔領立法院的學生。
二
台灣的青年學生要求「退回服貿」,即是要求台北當局與中國政府重啟談判,這是因為「中台服貿協議」的條款對台灣的中小企業的生存與發展有害,如此就會對即將進入台灣的就業市場的學生的利益與福祉造成重大的損害,也會對台灣學生未來在台灣的創業空間造成重大緊縮。
民進黨的訴求與學生及台聯黨的訴求相比,顯得軟弱。或許民進黨認為它可能再執政,所以要求逐條逐項審查是比較適當的要求 ,以免將來再度在野的國民黨有樣學樣,或許民進黨認為這樣比較不會讓北京感冒,或許民進黨自己認為這樣比較能獲得美國行政部門的諒解,因為民進黨的訴求只是要逐條逐項審查。但以現在國會的席次與生態來看,逐條逐項審查,很難翻案,頂多只能在枝節上讓國民黨當局做些無關緊要的讓步,就某種意義而言,這形同要替國共的協議及國民黨的版本背書與護航。
三
佔領立法院的學生到底提出了什麼訴求呢?且讓我們來讀學生們發表的聲明:
台北時間3/18/2014晚間九點,台灣的熱血青年學生因抗議國民黨團將「兩岸服貿協議」送立法院院會存查,「以反黑箱服貿為訴求,透過夜襲,揭開台灣史上首次『人民占領立院行動』的群眾抗爭,不僅震撼首都,也延燒全台,這場學生誓言要死守63小時的議場攻防戰,已引發國際媒體關注」。
根據台灣媒體的報導: 「警方於台北時間3/19/2014清晨3點開始,陸續展開約5波以上的攻堅行動,現場爆發激烈拉扯、推擠衝突,學生不斷高喊『退回服貿、捍衛民主』口號,並堆疊椅子堵住出入口,場面火爆,警方攻堅都無功而返」。組織或參加抗議的學生點名馬英九總統,回應「退回服貿」的訴求,並嘲諷這是一場「9趴總統和其他91趴人民的對立行動」。
在學生與台聯黨採取行動後,民進黨決定跟進,台灣的媒體報導說: 為抗議國民黨就兩岸服貿協議違背立院朝野協商要逐條逐項審查的承諾,黨主席蘇貞昌下達緊急動員令,黨公職自3/19/2014中午起將陸續赴立法院抗議,民進黨臨時動員北北基桃縣市的黨公職及縣市議員參選人赴立院場外聲援進議場內抗議的學生。民進黨也將於3/21/2014動員群眾,前往立法院,在場外聲援佔領立法院的學生。
二
台灣的青年學生要求「退回服貿」,即是要求台北當局與中國政府重啟談判,這是因為「中台服貿協議」的條款對台灣的中小企業的生存與發展有害,如此就會對即將進入台灣的就業市場的學生的利益與福祉造成重大的損害,也會對台灣學生未來在台灣的創業空間造成重大緊縮。
民進黨的訴求與學生及台聯黨的訴求相比,顯得軟弱。或許民進黨認為它可能再執政,所以要求逐條逐項審查是比較適當的要求 ,以免將來再度在野的國民黨有樣學樣,或許民進黨認為這樣比較不會讓北京感冒,或許民進黨自己認為這樣比較能獲得美國行政部門的諒解,因為民進黨的訴求只是要逐條逐項審查。但以現在國會的席次與生態來看,逐條逐項審查,很難翻案,頂多只能在枝節上讓國民黨當局做些無關緊要的讓步,就某種意義而言,這形同要替國共的協議及國民黨的版本背書與護航。
三
佔領立法院的學生到底提出了什麼訴求呢?且讓我們來讀學生們發表的聲明:
“Students Issue Statement”
The Taipei Times
3/20/2014
The hundreds of students and demonstrators occupying the legislative chamber have issued a statement detailing their stance against the cross-strait service trade pact, stressing a demand for a fair and competitive future for young Taiwanese.
“We do not want to see young people still living on a NT$22,000 salary [a subsidization policy implemented by the government that gives NT$22,000 to university graduates as a starting salary] 10 years from now,” the statement read.
It said Taiwan is a haven for entrepreneurship, where young people can fulfill their dreams by opening coffee shops or personal workshops and become a “boss” by working hard on their own.
An academic assessment on the impact of signing the pact showed that more than 1,000 trades — covering basic necessities like food, clothing, housing, traffic and different stages of life from birth to death — will be affected, although the pact only listed 64 sub-sectors for opening up to Chinese investment, the students’ statement said.
“In the future, Taiwanese small and medium-sized enterprises will face challenges from competition with Chinese-invested companies that have abundant capital and use vertically integrated business models,” it said. “It will also threaten the survival of office workers, farmers, blue-collar workers and businesspeople.”
It said the pact would also impose a threat to the nation’s freedom of speech, by opening up Internet portal sites and Web sites, as well as printing, publishing and distribution channels to Chinese investment.
“Standing against the pact is not an act of ‘always being against anything related to China’ (逢中必反),” it said.
The trade agreement’s greatest problem is that it only benefits the large capitalists, by allowing big corporations to expand without limit across the Strait, while small businesses suffer, it said. “The entrepreneurship haven that we used to be proud of will be gradually taken over by foreign corporations.”
The statement said that the issue is not an argument between unification and independence, or between the pan-blue and the pan-green camps, but one between social classes — a harsh survival problem for young people when facing a few large companies that gobble up small businesses in the agricultural, industrial and commercial sectors.
“We strongly protest against the President Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九) administration — which now has a low approval rating — seizing the legislature to have it approve the service pact in such a violent way and giving away the nation’s future,” the statement said.
It also condemned what the students said was Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) Legislator Chang Ching-chung’s (張慶忠) sudden call on Monday to end a committee meeting and arbitrarily conclude that the review was finished and approved because of it was taking too long.
It said Chang’s conclusion was a total betrayal of the legislature’s promise to review the agreement item-by-item, which was agreed to in June last year.
“If the KMT can violently approve a pact that has great impact on the public by circumventing the legislature’s supervision and substantial review, other policies that might more greatly affect economic autonomy can also be approved in the same way,” it said. “Taiwan’s future cannot be forfeited like this.”
“We want to master our own future … we want a fair environment that allows young people to develop and compete,” the statement read.
The demonstrators are young people who are willing to take on challenges, but they will not abide unfair conditions that will lead them to being controlled by few ruling officials or large companies, it said.
“Taiwan is where we live and make a living,” the statement said in its last paragraph. “To stop this unfair and unjust service pact, to stop the political party that is trying to restore authoritarianism and is trampling our legal institutions, please stand with us and protect Taiwan together.”
從聲明的內容來看,學生們把這場抗議活動的訴求定位或定性為社會議題,但國民黨統治當局絕不會如此解讀。
聲明的內容沒有觸及台灣的未來以及「服貿」對台灣前途的影響,這顯示台灣的新世代與老一輩的台灣人的關切、思維或考量有很大的不同,他們顯然比較不願意或比較沒興趣談台灣前途的解決或凸顯問題的政治面向。不過,這也有可能是出於成熟的政治精算,學生們以及他們背後的政治導師們故意降低這個議題的政治成份,以便在淡化政治色彩下進行最大的社會動員。
若是如此,那台灣的新生代與老一輩的台灣人就得分工。政治的議題與台灣前途解決的議題就由老一輩的台灣人與台美人來主打,新世代的台灣人加以祝福與協助,而社會議題與經濟議題就由新世代的台灣人來主打,老一輩的台灣人與台美人加以祝福與協助。
基於這種觀點與策略,「台灣建州運動」至少在現階段樂見與歡迎台灣的青年學生就「服貿」的議題進行抗爭,我們因此要公開對他們的訴求與行動表示支持,我們的工作夥伴與支持者也願意加入抗爭的行列,加強這場學生運動的能量,壯大這場學生運動的聲勢。
不過,「台灣建州運動」還是要提醒台灣的青年學生與新世代: 像目前這種社會與經濟議題的抗爭,即便能圓滿落幕或獲得圓滿解決,也無法根本解決台灣人民所面臨的嚴峻的安全與政治問題。為了徹底地解決「中華民國建制」(ROC Establishment)滯留不去的問題,為了根本地解決台灣人民所賴以生存及發展的台灣上層架構與體制的問題,為了促進或維護台灣人民的安居樂業、安全、富裕和幸福,台灣的青年學生與新世代終究必須面對與思考「台灣建州運動」所提出的「台灣加入美國」的政治主張。
(待續)
台灣建州運動發起人周威霖
David C. Chou
Founder, Formosa Statehood Movement
(an organization devoted in current stage to making Taiwan a territorial commonwealth of the United States)
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